The history of metes and bounds use affects election constituency boundaries today as well, as these are still described using metes and bounds, even in jurisdictions where they are not used in property sales. To this day, Texas still primarily uses the metes and bounds system due to the fact that it was an independent republic prior to achieving statehood. The history of metes and bounds use continues today in those states that were originally part of the Thirteen Colonies – or before 1785 – in areas where land was being allocated, such as Maine, Tennessee, West Virginia, and Vermont. The history of metes and bounds use came into play back during the days of the original colonies making up the United States. This is because a more detailed definition would otherwise be either too expensive to carry out, or simply unnecessary. For instance, a manmade wall, public roadway, or even an existing building can serve as a plot of land’s “bounds.” Bounds are often used to define bigger pieces of property, such as farms, or political subdivisions, including a town’s boundaries. “Bounds” is a term that is used to describe a property’s boundary lines in a more general sense. This means that metes can be described as north, south, east, or west. A property’s direction may be as simple as a compass point, or the direction that each point of the property faces. Metes can also be found by determining a plot of land’s direction. “Metes” are a piece of property’s boundary lines, as determined by measuring its “straight runs.” A straight run is the distance between two points. 70 W (range 70 west) of the 6th PM (the sixth principal meridian, a north–south reference line) in ABC County, Colorado, bears N 45° W 1,320 feet, at which point of beginning an iron stake has been placed thence south 600 feet to a point also marked by an iron stake thence N 45° W 700 feet to a large oak tree thence northeasterly to the point of beginning.” “Beginning at a point from which the north quarter corner of Section 4, T. While the system is still used today, technology has greatly improved upon its associated tools and measurements.Ĭonsider the following example of metes and bounds description, which describes a roughly triangular-shaped piece of property using distance, direction, and compass points, as well as manmade markers that were used to mark out the property for future reference: Next, it identifies the POB and describes the distance and direction from the POB to the first monument, and then to subsequent monuments that define the property’s enclosed perimeter.Ī parcel of land located in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, having the following description: commencing at the intersection of the south line of Route 199 and the middle of Flint Creek, thence southeasterly along the center thread of Flint Creek 410 feet, more or less, to the willow tree landmark, thence north 65 degrees west 500 feet, more or less to the east line of Dowell Road, thence north 2 degrees east 200 feet, more or less, along the east line of Dowell Road to the south line of Route 199, thence north 90 degrees east 325 feet, more or less, along the south line of Route 199 to the point of beginning.A metes and bounds description of a piece of land is referred to as its “legal description,” as opposed to being distinguishable by a mere street address or lot number. Artificial landmarks are typically surveyor stakes.įlorida use metes and bounds description to describe properties within the rectangular survey system.Ī metes and bounds description begins with an identification of the city, county, and state where the property is located. Natural landmarks include trees, rocks, rivers, and lakes. The term “metes” refers to distance and direction, and the term “bounds” refers to fixed reference points, or monuments and landmarks, which may be natural and artificial. A metes and bounds description must return to the POB in order to be valid. The description always identifies an enclosed area by starting at an origination point, called point of beginning, or POB, and returning to the POB at the end of the description. A metes and bounds description identifies the boundaries of a parcel of real estate using reference points, distances, and angles.
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